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These two ships were originally authorised in 1916 for construction
as Battle Cruisers of 35,300 tons, with seven funnels and boilers
disposed on two deck levels.After the War, and as a result of
the lessons thereof, plans were to a large extent re-cast, v.
F.S. 1919-1921 Editions. As Aircraft Carriers, these ships skow a reduction (from the second Battle Cruiser design) in displacement of about 8,500 tons, achieved mainly by the elimination of eight 16-inch guns in four twin turrets, with mounts, armour, etc. It is believed the main belt protection is retained and that deck protection has been heavily reinforced. The general lines of the hull remain unaltered, and the special system of underwater protection is also adhered to. Flight deck is 880 feet long, from 85 to 90 feet in width, and 60 feet above waterline. The Landing Net is placed just before the recessed stern portion of the Flight Deck; it is about 100 ft. long. Before it is a large T-shaped lift for moving aircraft from Flight to Hangar Deck. These is another and similar T-shaped lift abeam of the mast and C.T. At the bow is a catapult, 155 feet in lenght, capable of launching the heaviest aircraft into the air at flying speed with a travel of 60 feet. Before C.T. and abaft the Navigating Officers` Deck House, and right over to starboard beam, are powerful derricks for lifting seaplanes and flying boats from the water. As a result of experiments with Langley, certain modifications have been made which should enable planes to land safely on deck in any weather.Reported that 120 planes can be carried, 70 to 80 planes ready on deck for flight. Total cost of these ships, with aircraft, was over $45,000,000 each. Engineering notes: Each boiler 11,250 H.P. Steam pressure, 295 lbs. to sq. inch. Fuel consumption estimated at 2000 tons daily under full power. Machinery is the most powerful ever installed in a warship;it is all controlled, so far as main engines are concerned, from one central position.There are over 1000 auxiliary motors, ranging from 425 H.P. ventilating plant down to the small electric motors connected with the self-synchronising electric fire-control arrangements, which develop 1-200th of one H.P. For general distribution through the ship, current is supplied by six turbo-generators of 750 K.w. each. There are eight propelling motors of 22,500 H.P. (two to each of the four shafts), speed 317 R.P.M. The combined illuminating power of the S.L. is equal to 3,260,000 c.p. Altogether, these ships represent the climax of American practice in applying electric power to warship construction. O trials, it is stated that 97% of designed speed was obtained with 85% of designed power. Lexington did the voyage from San Diego to Honolulu (2228 miles) at an average speed of 30.7 kts. A speed of 34.5 kts. was maintained for one hour by the latter ship with S.H.P 210,000. |
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